Words & phrases · 4 min
Thirty phrases you can read with kana alone
Greetings and short expressions written entirely in hiragana — the first thing to read after the 46 characters.
Greetings
All of these are written in hiragana only, so you can read them right now. Say them out loud.
| Japanese | Reading | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| おはよう | ohayō | morning (casual) |
| おはようございます | ohayō gozaimasu | good morning (polite) |
| こんにちは | konnichiwa | hello (daytime) |
| こんばんは | konbanwa | good evening |
| おやすみなさい | oyasuminasai | good night |
| さようなら | sayōnara | goodbye |
| じゃあね | jā ne | see you (casual) |
| はじめまして | hajimemashite | nice to meet you |
こんにちは and こんばんは end in は but are read "wa" — a leftover from when they were particles. See "The three kana that change when they are particles".
Thanks and apologies
| Japanese | Reading | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| ありがとう | arigatō | thanks |
| ありがとうございます | arigatō gozaimasu | thank you (polite) |
| どういたしまして | dō itashimashite | you’re welcome |
| すみません | sumimasen | sorry / excuse me |
| ごめんなさい | gomen nasai | I’m sorry |
| だいじょうぶ | daijōbu | it’s fine / no problem |
すみません does the most work of any phrase here — apologizing, getting attention, and even thanking. If you learn one, learn this.
In shops and restaurants
| Japanese | Reading | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| いらっしゃいませ | irasshaimase | welcome (said by staff) |
| おねがいします | onegaishimasu | please |
| これ | kore | this one |
| それ | sore | that one |
| いくらですか | ikura desu ka | how much is it? |
| いただきます | itadakimasu | said before eating |
| ごちそうさまでした | gochisōsama deshita | said after eating |
| おいしい | oishii | delicious |
これ おねがいします — "this one, please" — handles most ordering. Point at the menu as you say it.
Answers and reactions
| Japanese | Reading | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| はい | hai | yes |
| いいえ | iie | no |
| そうですか | sō desu ka | is that so |
| わかりました | wakarimashita | understood |
| わかりません | wakarimasen | I don’t understand |
| ちょっと まって | chotto matte | wait a moment |
| もういちど | mō ichido | one more time |
| ゆっくり おねがいします | yukkuri onegaishimasu | please speak slowly |
Two things that trip up the reading
First, the す in です and ます is barely voiced. The u devoices, so it lands closer to "des" than "desu". The same happens to the し in わかりました.
Second, long vowels are easy to drop. ありがとう is arigatō, not "arigato"; おはよう is ohayō, not "ohayo". That final う is lengthening the vowel before it.
Mind those two and these first phrases sound markedly more natural.